Description: Eddy Covariance Systems

Eddy covariance systems are a scientific tool used to measure the exchange of gases and energy between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere.

To understand it simply: the atmosphere is made up of a series of layers of air. These layers are constantly moving, creating air eddies of different sizes. Eddy covariance systems measure the speed and direction of these eddies, as well as the concentration of gases in the air.

By combining this information, the flux of gases between the surface and the atmosphere can be calculated:

• Sensible heat (H): is the energy that causes a change in temperature in a substance without changing its molecular state. It affects the temperature of the atmosphere.
• Latent heat (LE): is the energy required for a substance to change state. It affects the water cycle because it is directly related to evapotranspiration.
• Water flux (H2O flux): vertical flux of water.
• CO2 flux: vertical flux of CO2. It represents the net ecosystem exchange (NEE).
• CH4 flux: vertical flux of methane.